NAD+

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential cellular coenzyme rather than a peptide. It participates in oxidation-reduction reactions that support energy metabolism and also serves as a substrate for enzymes including sirtuins, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases and other NAD-consuming proteins. Research applications include studies of mitochondrial function, redox balance, cellular stress responses, DNA-repair signaling, metabolic flux and age-associated changes in NAD homeostasis. NAD+ may also be used as an analytical standard for chromatography, mass spectrometry, stability testing and enzyme-activity assays. Results can be strongly influenced by oxidation state, sample preparation, storage conditions and conversion between NAD+, NADH and related metabolites, so careful analytical controls are essential.

For laboratory research use only. Not for human or veterinary use. This description is informational and does not provide medical advice, dosing, or treatment guidance.